Product Name: GSK3b (3-12) KinSub
Product Number: PE-01ACT95
Size: 200 µg      Price:35.00
1 mg      $US70.00
Peptide Name: GSK3b (3-12) KinSub

Product Use: For assaying the phosphotransferase activities of RAC-alpha serine-threonine-protein kinase (Akt1, UniProt ID P31749), RAC-beta serine-threonine-protein kinase (Akt2, UniProt ID P31751), RAC-gamma serine-threonine-protein kinase (Akt3, UniProt ID Q9Y243), Ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K, UniProt ID P23443), 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 (AMPK1a, UniProt ID Q13131), and 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, catalytic subunit alpha-2 (AMPK1a2, UniProt ID P54646).

Peptide Production Method: Solid-phase peptide synthesis

Peptide Origin: Based on N-terminus of GSKb

Peptide Sequence: GRPRTSSFAEG

Peptide Modifications N Terminus: Free amino

Peptide Modifications C Terminus: Free carboxyl

Peptide Molecular Mass Calculated: 1164.2 Da

Peptide Purity Percent after Synthesis and Purification: >95

Peptide Appearance: White powder

Peptide Form: Solid

Storage Conditions: -20°C

Peptide Recommended Enzyme: Akt1; Akt2; Akt3; p70S6K; AMPK (A1/B1/G1); AMPK (A2/B1/G2); AMPK (A1/B1/G2); AMPK (A1/B1/G3); AMPK (A1/B2/G2)

Scientific Background: GSK3b is a protein-serine/threonine kinase of the CMGC group and GSK family. It is a critical enzyme in glycogen metabolism, and plays a role in pathological conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and neurological diseases. This kinase is highly expressed and widely distributed in most tested human tissues. Orthologues of GSK3b are amongst the most highly conserved protein kinases in animals, plants, fungi and unicellular eukaryotes. GSK3b is activated by phosphorylation at Y216 by MEK1 and MEK2, and inhibited by phosphorylation of S9. GSK3b phosphorylates and inhibits glycogen synthase. It is implicated in the regulation of several physiological processes, including control of glycogen and protein synthesis by insulin, and modulation of the transcription factors AP-1 and CREB. Transient transfection of human GSK3b into Chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with individual human tau isoforms leads to hyperphosphorylation of tau. GSK3b has been linked with the development of Alzheimer’s disease, bipolar disorder, and Type 2 diabetes. Mutations leading to upregulation of GSK3b are also implicated in ovarian, prostate, pancreatic, colorectal, neuroblastoma, and glioblastoma neoplasms, by positively regulating cyclin D1 and thus promoting cell cycle progression.
References

[1] Sutherland C, Leighton IA, Cohen P. Inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta by phosphorylation: new kinase connections in insulin and growth-factor signalling. Biochem J. 1993 Nov 15;296 ( Pt 1):15-9. PMID: 8250835

[2] Sperber BR, Leight S, Goedert M, Lee VM. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta phosphorylates tau protein at multiple sites in intact cells. Neurosci Lett. 1980 Sep 8;197(2):149-53. PMID: 8552282