Product Name: ATM-pS1981
Product Number: AB-PK526
Size: 25 µg      Price:89.00
      $US
Target Full Name: Ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein-serine kinase

Target Alias: A-T, mutated; ATA; Ataxia telangiectasia mutated; Ataxia telangiectasia mutated homolog; ATC; ATD; ATDC; Kinase ATM; TEL1; TELO1; telomere maintenance 1; MGC74674; DKFZp781A0353; MGC74674; ENSG00000149311; Telomere maintenance 1

Product Type Specific: Protein kinase phosphosite-specific antibody

Antibody Code: PK526

Antibody Target Type: Phosphosite-specific

Antibody Phosphosite: S1981

Protein UniProt: Q13315

Protein SigNET: Q13315

Antibody Type: Polyclonal

Antibody Host Species: Rabbit

Antibody Immunogen Source: Human ATM sequence peptide Cat. No.: PE-04AIJ90

Antibody Immunogen Sequence: EEG(pS)QST(bA)C

Antibody Immunogen Description: Corresponds to amino acid residues E1978 to T1984; In the C-terminal half of the protein kinase before the FAT domain

Production Method: The immunizing peptide was produced by solid phase synthesis on a multipep peptide synthesizer and purified by reverse-phase hplc chromatography. Purity was assessed by analytical hplc and the amino acid sequence confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. This peptide was coupled to KLH prior to immunization into rabbits. New Zealand White rabbits were subcutaneously injected with KLH-coupled immunizing peptide every 4 weeks for 4 months. The sera from these animals was applied onto an agarose column to which the immunogen peptide was thio-linked. Antibody was eluted from the column with 0.1 M glycine, pH 2.5. Subsequently, the antibody solution was neutralized to pH 7.0 with saturated Tris.This antibody was also subject to negative purification over phosphotyrosine-agarose.

Antibody Modification: Unconjugated. Contact KInexus if you are interest in having the antibody biotinylated or coupled with fluorescent dyes.

Antibody Concentration: 1 mg/ml

Storage Buffer: Phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4, 0.05% Thimerasol

Storage Conditions: For long term storage, keep frozen at -40°C or lower. Stock solution can be kept at +4°C for more than 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Product Use: Western blotting | Antibody microarray

Antibody Dilution Recommended: 2 µg/ml for immunoblotting

Antibody Species Reactivity: Human

Antibody Positive Control: The observed molecular mass of the processed target protein on SDS-PAGE gels is reported to be around 320-350 kDa.

Antibody Specificity: High-very high

Antibody Cross Reactivity: Only a weak 145 kDa cross-reactive protein was detected in HeLa cells and sea star oocytes.

Related Product 1: ATM-pS1981 blocking peptide

Related Product 2: ATM pan-specific antibody (Cat. No.: AB-NK230)

Related Product 3: ATM-1 pan-specific antibody (Cat. No.: AB-NK230-2)

Related Product 4: ATM-2 pan-specific antibody (Cat. No.: AB-NK230-1)

Related Product 5: ATM-3 pan-specific antibody (Cat. No.: AB-NK230-3)

Related Product 6: ATM-pY2969 phosphosite-specific antibody (Cat. No.: AB-PK527)

Scientific Background: ATM is a protein-serine/threonine kinase of the Atypical group and PIKK family. Phosphorylation at S1981 increases phosphotransferase activity and induces interaction with ATM, NBS1 and p53. It acts as a DNA damage sensor and appears to be a tumour suppressor protein (TSP). Cancer-related mutations in human tumours point to a loss of function of the protein kinase. The active form of the protein kinase normally acts to inhibit tumour cell proliferation. It regulates cell cycle progression checkpoints and induces DNA repair. It activates checkpoint signalling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA). It recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [S/T]-Q in many substrates. It phosphorylates and activates p53, while also inactivating the p53-inhibitor: MDM2. It phosphorylates S139 of the histone variant H2AX/H2AFX at double strand breaks (DSBs), which regulates the DNA damage response mechanism.. After the introduction of DNA breaks by the RAG complex on one immunoglobulin allele, ATM acts by mediating a repositioning of the second allele to pericentromeric heterochromatin, and prevents accessibility to the RAG complex and recombination of the second allele. It binds DNA ends, and it is part of the BRCA1- associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), which contains BRCA1, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, ATM, BLM, PMS2 and the RAD50-MRE11-NBN protein complex. This association appears to be a dynamic process changing throughout the cell cycle and within subnuclear domains. DNA damage promotes association with RAD17. It also phosphorylates p53/TP53, FANCD2, NFKBIA, BRCA1, CTIP, nibrin (NBN), TERF1, RAD9 and DCLRE1C. It is involved in the activation of ABL1 and JNK. It may function in vesicle and/or protein transport, replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation as well as have roles in T-cell development, gonad and neurological function.
Figure 1. Epitope mapping of ATM-pS1981 antibody with similar phosphopeptides on dot blots.


Figure 2. Identification of phosphosites related to ATM-pS1981.